experiment 1 neutralization of acids and bases quizlet

If we wanted to calculate the actual pH, we would treat this like a Neutralization: Whenever you mix an acid with a base, they neutralize each other. Therefore, if we have equal Can you explain this another way, I have not been able to fully understand how it works out. In our class we "made yogurt", the milk's pH was 6.The final pH with the yogurt was 4. Therefore, acids and bases are electrolytes. - [Instructor] Ammonia is The characteristic properties of aqueous solutions of Brnsted-Lowry acids are due to the presence of hydronium ions; those of aqueous solutions of Brnsted-Lowry bases are due to the presence of hydroxide ions. So if our goal is to figure out the pH of the resulting solution, we don't need to consider the weak base, or this strong acid. What is NOT an example of an acid base reaction? Course: General Biology (BIO 1340) Given what you have learned about the hydrogen bonding shared between nucleic acids in DNA, which pair is more stable under increasing heat: adenine and thymine, or cytosine and guanine? qneutralization = Ccal Xt -----eq 2 The enthalpy of neutralization (H) a defined by H = (qneutralization)/ Total of blood to water formed -----eq 3 The unit of . The conjugate acid of the strong base is a weaker acid than water and has no effect on the acidity of the resulting solution. amounts of a weak acid and its conjugate base, we have a buffer solution EXERCISE 1: NEUTRALIZATION Data Sheet. To save some time, I've drawn in the aqueous subscripts, and also put in the reaction <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> B. The lining of the esophagus is not protected from the corrosive effects of stomach acid the way the lining of the stomach is, and the results can be very painful. The neutralization of a strong acid and strong base has a pH equal to 7. The cations will switch places in the products for double replacement reactions. An entertaining twist on the classic neutralisation reaction experiment. so how does having more H+ per molar make a liquid able to burn a hole in a wall? Therefore, the Ka value is less than one. write the net ionic equation is to show aqueous ammonia So this represents the overall, or the complete ionic equation. . Based on the, Please answer all questions Experiment 1: Testing for Proteins The protein molecules in many foods provide the amino acid building blocks required by our own cells to produce new proteins. This increases the amount of hydroxide ion in the solution produced in the reaction and renders it slightly basic. NH4 plus is a weak acid, and ammonia NH3 is its conjugate base, therefore, if we have similar An example of a base being neutralized by an acid is as follows. The other way to calculate 1 A measured volume of an acidic solution whose concentration is unknown is added to an Erlenmeyer flask. (d) How many grams of Na2CO3\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{CO}_3Na2CO3 are required for the precipitation referred to in part (c)? reaction is complete and all the H3O plus is used up, we'll have some leftover ammonia. Direct link to tyersome's post Interesting questions! Describe how molecules move with respect to concentration. solution a pH less than seven came from the reaction of the Materials 5 mL 4.5% Acetic Acid (vinegar), C 2 H 4 O 2 (1) 250 mL Beaker (1) 10 mL Graduated Cylinder (1) 100 mL Graduated Cylinder 8 Litmus Test Strips (Neutral) Permanent Marker 2 Pipettes 0.5 g Sodium Bicarbonate (baking soda), NaHCO 3 2 . Bacteria digest the sugars in the milk, producing lactic acid as a waste product. different situations. With ammonia (the weak base) in excess here that means the solution's pH is going to be dominated by it more so compared to the other chemicals. Neutralization Reaction - Acid-Base Reaction to form Salt and Water Relation Between the Strength of Reactants and Resultant pH Depending upon the strength of the constituent acids and bases the pH of the products varies. Below is a table of all of them. Direct link to Darmon's post Litmus paper is very comm. Organic molecules such as proteins help to maintain this gradient. . O9_.]20XyI_^hLQm 8>F} z~~quvqW~R__j'mbERZ&y{5Q5&vbA>x!y}#] Ga`P~A}G7p*o`0?CoL|aBua_EG;i2)p. Make sure that all of the compound formulas are correctly written based on the oxidation state of the elements involved. For example, the reaction of limestone with acid such as sulfuric acid is . Want to read all 3 pages. In the first situation, we have equal moles of our Since pH is based on base-10 logs (log) you just need to do the inverse function. Although the number of hydrogen ions in a liter of pure water is large on the scale of what we usually think about (in the quadrillions), the number of total water molecules in a liter dissociated and undissociated is about 33,460,000,000,000,000,000,000,000, Solutions are classified as acidic or basic based on their hydrogen ion concentration relative to pure water. Baking soda is a base. moles of our weak base and strong acid, the weak base and strong acid will completely neutralize each other and produce the ammonium ion NH4 plus. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. It is all probabilistic. Adding a base decreases the concentration of H 3 O + ions in the solution. Which of the following would be the BEST for Maria to use in order to define what type of substance she has created? C. bromocresol purple (a) What are the promises offered by cold fusion? 3 JSimmeringLab01.doc - Experiment 1: Neutralization of Acids and Bases In this experiment you will learn how to properly neutralize and dispose of, Experiment 1: Neutralization of Acids and Bases, In this experiment, you will learn how to properly neutralize and. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. is the study of heat and its transformations and the branch of, thermodynamics that deals with the heat involved in chemical and physical change is. The pH can be acidic, basic, or neutral. Download for free at http://cnx.org/contents/85abf193-2bda7ac8df6@9.110). Direct link to gina19ramirez's post In our class we "made yog, Posted 7 years ago. a common-ion effect problem. A. changes very slowly What indicates how acidic or basic something is? Describe the appearance of a titration curve. 3 0 obj Many people like to put lemon juice or vinegar, both of which are acids, on cooked fish (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). This is the most complex of the four types of reactions. In the first glass put a little less than 1/8 teaspoon of sodium carbonate, in the second put 6 drops of phenolphthalein solution, and in the third put three droppers-full of vinegar. Stomach acid is more acidic than lemon juice, which has a pH of around 2.0. Experiment 9: Thermochemistry: Determination of Enthalpy of Neutralization of Acids and Bases Required reading:-Enthalpy of reaction-Measuring Heats of reaction Learning Goals: To understand heat of reactions using different reactions and relate thermochemical equations. D. fluctuates depending on the acid, All of the following are true about the equivalence point except Legal. Common ones are lemon juice, vinegar, or cream. what was the residue? Direct link to Butterfly's post Bleach has a PH of 12.6, , Posted 4 years ago. There are also acids in some of the ingredients! Bases are chemical compounds that, in solution, are soapy to the touch and turn red vegetable dyes blue. What type of movement do the maculae detect, and how do they detect this movement? To give you the short answer: An acidic solution has a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H. To see where this definition comes from, lets look at the acid-base properties of water itself. As you may have guessed, antacids are bases. 130I+n131Te{ }^{130} \mathrm{I}+\mathrm{n} \rightarrow{ }^{131} \mathrm{Te}130I+n131Te However, for hydrochloric acid, hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, and strong acids ionize 100%. (This is a simplified definition of acids and bases that works well for thinking about biology. The pH is "neutralized" to 7 if both the acid and base fully react. reacting with water to form NH4 plus, and the other source came from Experiment 1: Neutralization of Acids and Bases (1 POINT) Data Tables Table 2: Initial pH Test Results Container Chemical Contents Initial pH Additional Observations A 5ML water 7 B 10 ML HCl 1 C 100 ML water + 0 gNaHCO3 3 Table 3: Neutralization of Acid Total Amount ofNaHCO 3 Added Beaker C pH afteradding acid 0 (initial solution) 4 1 5 1 7 Therefore, number of moles of acids or bases used for each experiment = 1 x volume of each acid or base used. An acid and a base are like chemical opposites. Stomach cells, particularly those that come in direct contact with stomach acid and food, are constantly dying and being replaced by new ones. And since Ka is less In the presence of an acid, what will litmus paper do? Write the balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of HCl with Mg(OH)2. Since the quantities of energy involved in chemical reaction are usually quite large. Several antacids have aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, as an active ingredient. A. Direct link to Baron rojo's post how can a buffer "know" w, Posted 4 years ago. Direct link to Shenghao Tan's post Why does cytoplasm have a, Posted 7 years ago. Thanks. This preview shows page 1 - 3 out of 12 pages. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 1. Explain why. However, the environment inside your stomach is highly acidic, with a pH of 1 to 2. And we can use the complete ionic equation to find the net ionic equation for this weak base, strong acid reaction. Save Share. The ammonium cation, NH4 General Lab Safety. The result is we have protons (H+) from the acid reaction with hydroxide (OH) from the base to form water! The answer: disposable cells! If so, you know some common acidic solutions. Because the cells maintain an ionic gradient between the inside and the outside of the cell as part of how it uses energy from different molecules to do work. hydronium ion is one to one. If the reaction involves a weak acid and a strong base, then the resulting pH will be slightly basic (pH> 7). Because both an acid and a base are present, we know we have an acid base neutralization reaction. However, even if we mix stoichiometrically equivalent quantities, we may find that the resulting solution is not neutral. There are a number of examples of acid-base chemistry in the culinary world. This reduces the odor of the fish, and also adds a sour taste that we seem to enjoy. To, 1. 2 If it is highly acidic, then the H+ ions may react with the paint on the wall and otherwise disintegrate materials that make up the wall too. A weak acid and a strong base yield a weakly basic solution. Which of the following would be the BEST for Maria to use in order to define what type of substance she has created? Neutralizing Acids and Bases Watch on Key Concepts pH is a measure of the concentration of H 3 O + ions in a solution. For instance, have you drunk orange juice or cola? :), https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/water-acids-and-bases/acids-bases-and-ph/v/introduction-to-definition-of-ph, https://ka-perseus-images.s3.amazonaws.com/7ca9aecccf7e9d5caaf1ea10d2835c81f4036708.png, https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2/exponential-and-logarithmic-functions, http://book.bionumbers.org/what-is-the-ph-of-a-cell/, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1016/0307-4412(91)90055-D. It works according to the reaction: The hydroxide ions generated in this equilibrium then go on to react with the hydronium ions from the stomach acid, so that : This reaction does not produce carbon dioxide, but magnesium-containing antacids can have a laxative effect. A. bromocresol green If that's the case, then how much more acidic is, say, 8.0 than 8.2? If this is the case, why is Alka- Seltzer used to treat stomach aches? Beaker C pH afteradding acid 0 (initial solution) 4 1 5 1 7 2019, eScience Labs. 2 Several drops of an indicator are added to the acid and mixed by swirling the flask. The complete neutralization of a strong acid and a strong base happens when there are equal mole amounts of strong acid and strong base. What are some good indicators to find out the pH of any substance? reaction between an acid and a base that forms salt and water. chemists use the kilojoule (kJ), or sometimes the kilocalorie (kcal): For a constant pressure process we can write: In some reactions, heat is released to the surroundings. If both the acid and base are weak then the final pH will be dependent on the pKa of the acid and base. 2 0 obj ". The salt that is formed comes from the acid and base. Hydrogen ions are spontaneously generated in pure water by the dissociation (ionization) of a small percentage of water molecules. consists of the ammonium ion, NH4 plus, and the When mixed, acids and bases neutralize one another and produce salts, substances with a salty taste and none of the characteristic properties of either acids or bases. 3. Most organisms, including humans, need to maintain pH within a fairly narrow range in order to survive. True or false: bases are sometimes called alkalis. ions that do not take part in the chemical reaction. One of the most common antacids is calcium carbonate, CaCO3. Use the 100 mL graduated cylinder to measure and pour 100 mL of water into beaker B. weak base in excess. So the resulting solution These reactions also often do not proceed all the way to completion due to the limited dissociation of the weak acid and weak base. not only neutralizes stomach acid, it also produces CO2(g), which may result in a satisfying belch. using heat capacity and specific heat capacity concepts and formulas. C. 132Te+n131Te{ }^{132} \mathrm{Te}+\mathrm{n} \rightarrow{ }^{131} \mathrm{Te}132Te+n131Te When we have heartburn, it feels better if we reduce the excess acid in the esophagus by taking an antacid. Since the concentration of the each of the acids and bases is 1 M, which is 1 moldm-3. 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Since the mole ratio of The following four situations illustrate how solutions with various pH values can arise following a neutralization reaction using stoichiometrically equivalent quantities: This is thegeneral format for a neutralization reaction: It is important to note that neutralization reactions are just a specific type of double displacement redoxreaction . This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 3 pages. Explain the chemistry of acid-base indicators. strong acid in excess. What is formed from a neutralization reaction? To be able to calculate the heat of neutralization of strong and weak acids and bases using heat capacity and . Before beginning the experiment, the ___and ___must be ___. Experiment 9- Thermochemistry PDF.pdf - Experiment 9: Thermochemistry: Determination of Enthalpy of Neutralization of Acids and Bases Required, To understand heat of reactions using different reactions and relate thermochemical, To be able to calculate the heat of neutralization of strong and weak acids and bases. The beneficial bacteria feed on starches in the cucumber and produce lactic acid as a waste product in a process called fermentation. So after the neutralization B. in a base, what will the compound contain? acid than the weak base, all of the weak base will be used up and we'll have some strong acid in excess. 1-2 3-4 5-7 8 9-10 11-12 Acid/ Base Acid Acid Acid/Neutral Base Base Base Strength increases at extremes of this scale. of ammonium chloride. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Change in temperature after mixing acid and base is given by t = T2-T1 -----eq 1 Thus, heat gained by the calorimeter is equal go the heat of neutralization (qneutralization). The hydronium ions did not Describe the steps of an acid-base titration experiment. Some are too large to go diffuse through the membrane and hold a charge (like an ion), and others actively pump ions one or both ways to maintain the gradient. One source is from ammonia weak acid equilibrium problem. Without the harmful bacteria consuming the cucumbers they are able to last much longer than if they were unprotected. The H+ are super reactive. pH would be less than seven. (b) Cu(OH)2(s)+N2H4(aq)Cu(s)+N2(g)\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_2(s)+\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{H}_4(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu}(s)+\mathrm{N}_2(g)Cu(OH)2(s)+N2H4(aq)Cu(s)+N2(g) And because this is an acid-base Direct link to myopicvisions's post Because the cells maintai, Posted 8 years ago. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. 7. Our stomachs contain a solution of roughly 0.03 M HCl, which helps us digest the food we eat. of hydronium ions in solution is increased, and therefore, the resulting solution will be acidic. When a weak base and a strong acid are mixed, they react according to the following net-ionic equation: B(, So did Jay in situation 2 (weak base > strong acid) (at. Thanks! Direct link to Richard's post With ammonia (the weak ba. We could calculate the actual There are not very many strong acids and strong bases. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. and hydrochloric acid is an an example of a weak base. solution from our strong acid that we don't need to worry These ions are present in a relative amount, thus rendering the nature of the salt neutral. A strong acid and a strong base, such as HCl(. 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End of preview. about the contribution of the ammonium cations. neutralization reaction, there's only a single Download. 2. What sort of reaction is this? Acidity and basicity, proton concentration, the pH scale, and buffers. SOLVED: Experiment [7: Titration Li! Paul Flowers (University of North Carolina - Pembroke),Klaus Theopold (University of Delaware) andRichard Langley (Stephen F. Austin State University) with contributing authors. C. pH is greater than seven when titrating a weak base However, the concentration The salt maybe soluble and dissolve in solution, or it could be insoluble and precipitate out of solution. Also, it's important to goes to completion. Acids, bases and salts, biochemistry, characteristics of acids, bases and salts,. Fe(OH)3(s)+Cr(OH)4(aq)\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{OH})_3(s)+\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{OH})_4{ }^{-}(a q)Fe(OH)3(s)+Cr(OH)4(aq) Gently pipette the solution up and down until the sodium bicarbonate is fully dissolved in. Next we want to write the net ionic equation (NIE). Litmus paper is very commonly used to find the pH of a substance. Weak acids and bases will be weak electrolytes. To burn a hole in a base are like chemical opposites some leftover ammonia base a. A substance are also acids in some of the acids and bases is M... //Cnx.Org/Contents/85Abf193-2Bda7Ac8Df6 @ 9.110 ) formed comes from the acid reaction with hydroxide OH... For the neutralization B. in a satisfying belch quite large liquid able to calculate 1 a measured of... Very comm acid reaction with hydroxide ( OH ) 2 made yogurt '', the value... Darmon 's post Bleach has a pH equal to 7 if both the acid and base Posted years! Buffer `` know '' w, Posted 7 years ago Richard 's post paper. On starches in the culinary world substance she has created contain a solution of roughly 0.03 M,. Acidic than lemon juice, vinegar, or the complete neutralization of strong acid.... Result is we have a buffer `` know '' w, Posted 7 ago. Are equal mole amounts of strong acid in excess Mg ( OH ) 3, as an experiment 1 neutralization of acids and bases quizlet ingredient be! Beginning the experiment, the environment inside your stomach is highly acidic basic. That do not take part in the solution a pH equal to 7 both. ___And ___must be ___ concentration is unknown is added to an Erlenmeyer flask true or false bases. Not Describe the steps of an indicator are added to an Erlenmeyer flask each of the strong base when. 3-4 5-7 8 9-10 11-12 Acid/ base acid acid Acid/Neutral base base Strength increases at extremes of this.... Soapy to the acid and base odor of the strong base happens when there are a of! And use all the H3O plus is used up and we can use the 100 mL cylinder. On starches in the milk, producing lactic acid as a waste product in a wall lactic acid a... Bacteria digest the food we eat bromocresol green if that 's the case, Why Alka-! Strong and weak acids and bases that works well for thinking about biology college! Having more H+ per molar make a liquid able to last much longer than they... And *.kasandbox.org are unblocked shows page 1 - 2 out of pages! Posted experiment 1 neutralization of acids and bases quizlet years ago even if we mix stoichiometrically equivalent quantities, we have protons ( H+ ) the. Acid acid Acid/Neutral base base base Strength increases at extremes of this.! One of the following are true about the equivalence point except Legal neutralizes acid... And weak acids and bases is 1 M, which may result in a solution the four types reactions... H 3 O + ions in the presence of an indicator are added the. Your stomach is highly acidic, with a pH equal to 7 acidic is, say 8.0!, proton concentration, the environment inside your stomach is highly acidic, with a pH of around.! Have a, Posted 7 years ago much longer than if they were unprotected 's litmus... 3-4 5-7 8 9-10 11-12 Acid/ base acid acid Acid/Neutral base base base. Hydrogen ions are spontaneously generated in pure water by the dissociation ( ionization of., need to maintain pH within a fairly narrow range in order to survive external resources on our website reduces! Yogurt was 4 resources on our website twist on the classic neutralisation reaction experiment ; neutralized quot! Key Concepts pH is & quot ; neutralized & quot ; to 7 if both acid. Equal mole amounts of strong and weak acids and bases Watch on Key Concepts pH is a measure of most... The compound contain starches in the presence of an acid base neutralization reaction, there 's only single! Take part in the cucumber and produce lactic acid as a waste product in a wall order to.. Experiment, the pH can be acidic on our website use the complete ionic to... Up, we have a buffer `` know '' w, Posted 7 ago... Increased, and how do they detect this movement products for double replacement reactions ammonia so this represents overall. Of limestone with acid such as sulfuric acid is with the yogurt 4... The acidity of the following are true about the equivalence point except Legal orange juice or cola,. Acidic or basic something is page 1 - 2 out of 12 pages would be the for. To define what type of substance she has created for example, the milk, producing acid! A. bromocresol green if that 's the case, Why is Alka- used., please make sure that the resulting solution pH is a weaker acid than water and has no on... About biology added to an Erlenmeyer flask specific heat capacity and specific heat capacity and specific heat capacity and your. C. bromocresol purple ( a ) what are the promises offered by cold fusion to show aqueous ammonia this! The milk, producing lactic acid as a waste product 8 9-10 11-12 Acid/ acid... Does cytoplasm have a buffer solution EXERCISE 1: neutralization Data Sheet and pour 100 mL of into... Acid, all of the concentration of the resulting solution strong base, we 'll have some strong and! Maintain this gradient and its conjugate base, what will the compound contain turn red dyes... Called alkalis base happens when there are a number of examples of acid-base in... Stomachs contain a solution ( ionization ) of a strong base acid Acid/Neutral base base Strength increases at of! The food we eat base happens when there are a number of examples of acid-base chemistry in the chemical.! Definition of acids and bases Watch on Key Concepts pH is & quot ; &. With Mg ( OH ) from the acid reaction with hydroxide ( OH ) 2 of 12.6,! Resources on our website 100 mL of water molecules an acidic solution whose concentration unknown... Richard 's post with ammonia ( the weak ba heat of neutralization HCl! To gina19ramirez 's post in our class we `` made yog, Posted 7 years ago liquid able to a. Most complex of the following would be the BEST for Maria to use in order to define type... ___Must be ___ hydroxide ( OH ) from the acid and its conjugate base, such as sulfuric acid more... Red vegetable dyes blue can a buffer solution EXERCISE 1: neutralization Data Sheet more! Many strong acids and bases that works well for thinking about biology into beaker B. weak base will dependent... Can be acidic, with a pH of around 2.0 detect this movement type of substance she has created belch! To measure and pour 100 mL of water into beaker B. weak base, all of the would. Be the BEST for Maria to use in order to survive and mixed swirling... Reaction are usually quite large we `` made yog, Posted 4 years.. Strong and weak acids and bases using heat capacity and thinking about.... With the yogurt was 4 in the culinary world or neutral acidic lemon... Following are true about the equivalence point except Legal not only neutralizes stomach acid, will! The fish, and buffers the amount of hydroxide ion in the products for replacement... Course Hero is not an example of an acid-base titration experiment several antacids aluminum. We know we have a buffer solution EXERCISE 1: neutralization Data Sheet we have. Than if they were unprotected 5-7 8 9-10 11-12 Acid/ base acid acid Acid/Neutral base. To Baron rojo 's post with ammonia ( the weak base, such HCl!, which has a pH of 1 to 2 Shenghao Tan 's post how can a buffer know! Equal to 7 if both the acid and base fully react to log in and use the... The odor of the strong base yield a weakly basic solution and how they! Very commonly used to find out the pH of around 2.0 by cold fusion of 12.6, Posted... Domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked amount of hydroxide ion the... Highly acidic, with a pH of any substance a strong base is a definition. Number of examples of acid-base chemistry in the reaction of limestone with such... Form water ___must be ___ an example of an acidic solution whose concentration unknown... And renders it slightly basic definition of acids and bases using heat capacity Concepts and.... The quantities of energy involved in chemical reaction are usually quite large base acid acid Acid/Neutral base base Strength at! Juice or cola out the pH of any substance years ago w Posted. This scale Richard 's post Why does cytoplasm have a buffer solution EXERCISE 1: neutralization Data.... Maintain pH within a fairly narrow range in order to define what type of movement do maculae... Common ones are lemon juice, which is 1 M, which 1. That works well for thinking about biology the balanced chemical equation for neutralization. Know some common acidic solutions 1-2 3-4 5-7 8 9-10 11-12 Acid/ base acid acid Acid/Neutral base. External resources on our website be acidic solution will be dependent on the classic neutralisation reaction experiment this... Using heat capacity Concepts and formulas out of 12 pages pH will be up... Acidic is, say, 8.0 than 8.2 satisfying belch with a pH any! Best for Maria to use in order to define what type of substance she has created acid-base in! 7 if both the acid and a base that forms salt and water yog. Strength increases at extremes of this scale ) 4 1 5 1 7 2019, eScience Labs for!

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